Burton



unirsi) STATES W'M. F. TARBURTON ANI) TBL B. AI'IIIIN,

0F PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA; SAID AITKIN ASSIGNOR VlO SAID IVARBUR'ION.

MACHINERY FOR PERFORATING HAT-BODIES.

Specification of Letters Patent No. 25,551, dated September 20, 1859.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, IVILLIAM F. IAR- nURToN and IVILLIAM B. ArrKIN, both of the city of Philadelphia and State of Penn sylvania, have invented a new and Improved Machine for Perforating Hat-Bodies; and we do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawing, and to the letters of reference marked thereon.

Our invention relates to a machine for facilitating' the manufacture of perforated hats for which Letters Patent bearing date the second day of August 1859, were granted the above named WM. F. IVARBUR- TON, the machine consisting of a series of pointed pins hung independently of each other to a cross head and arranged and operated substantially as described hereafter, in combination with a hat block attached to a face plate in a spindle and operated by a ratchet wheel of the same figure or thereabout as that presented by a transverse section of the hat, so that the perforations around the body of the hat may be equal in distance from each other.

In order to enable others to make and use our invention we will now proceed to describe its construction and operation.

On reference to the accompanying drawing which forms a part of this specification, Figure l, is a front view, and Fig. 2, a side view of our machine for perforating hat bodies.

A is the frame of the machine permanently secured to any suitable foundation. From this frame, and forming partof the same, project two brackets a and a', the former having at its outer end, a hub b arranged to receive a screw B, which-is furnished at one end with a wheel c, or other suitable device for operating the said screw, and at the opposite end with a disk (Z, which is arranged to revolve freely but to have no other movement independent of the screw.

In the hub e, on the end of the bracket a', of the frame A, turns a spindle E, to one end of which is secured a face plate F, the latter having a square projection t, central with the spindle for a purpose which will be rendered apparent hereafter.

To the opposite end of the spindle E is secured an elliptical or elongated ratchet wheel G, to the teeth of which is adapted the point of the pawl f, hung to a lever H, which is allowed to move freely on a pin attached to the bracket a of the frame A, small projections z' z' on this bracket limit the movement of the lever so that at every complete vibration, the pawl can pass from one tooth to the next only of the elongated ratchet wheel and thus turn the latter partially around to an extent equal to the distance from o ne tooth to another.

From the frame A project two lugs j to which is hung the swing frame I, in vertical guides on the ends of which slides a cross head J, connected to a lever K which has its fulcrum on a pin le, attached to a lug on the swing frame I, the lever being weighted at one end so as to raise the cross head and its appendages after they have been depressed.

In the cross head .I lit two rows of pins m m, each pin being round at the upper end, square or iat below and terminating in sharp steel points a a. Each pin is furnished with a spiral spring coiled around the rounded portion and bearing at the upper end against the under side of the cross head J, and at the lower end against a shoulder formed on the pin.

The square or flat portions of the pins are so fitted together as to form one mass capable of sliding simultaneously in the vertical guides of the swing frame, or of sliding independently of each other, in which case the pins serve to guide and steady each other.

In the lower end of the swing frame I and near the pins mV is a longitudinal chamber for receiving a heated piece of metal which `serves to maintain the steel points at the proper degree of heat for penetrating the hat body.

A latch or pawl p hung to the upper lug j, of the frame A, serves to maintain the swing frame in its proper position during the operation of the machine. In the lirst instance the latch 7J is raised and the swing frame I turned on one side out of the way. The hat to be perforated is then placed over the usual hat block and the square oriice of the latter fitted over the square projection t on the face plate F against which the block is caused to bear by turning the screw B, and causing its disk d, to bear against the top of the hat. The swing frame is then turned to its proper position over the body of the hat and the latch L dropped so as to retain the frame in that position. A heated bar is then introduced into the chamber e?, so as to impart the requisite heat to the steel points a. On depressing the lever K, the cross head J and the whole of the pins fm, will descend causing the points n to bear on the body of the hat through which they will readily penetrate by the combined pressure and heat, the latter melting the resinous gum with which the body has been saturated and stiened and thus make a series of clear perforations corresponding in number to the number of points. The points are then raised, by raising the lever K, after which the lever H, which had been previously retained at the limit of its backward vibration by the spring g, is moved forward and then allowed to fall back again thereby moving the hat partially around to the extent of one tooth of the ratchet wheel preparatory to a second penetration of the body by the heated points, and this operation is repeated until the whole of the body is perforated with holes. The hat is then readily removed from its position in the machine by turning back the screw B.

It will beobserved that the whole of the pins m are hung to, and capable of sliding in, the cross head J independently of each other, and that the downward pressure is imparted from the cross head to the pins through the medium of the spiral springs, so that on the points of the pins descending on the body of the hat, which viewed longitudinally always varies more or less from a straight line, they will adjust themselves to the curve of the hat body some of the points being lower than the others, and the spiral springs of the lower pins being less compressed than those of the higher pins, the pressure however being sufficient on the whole of the pins to cause their heated points to penetrate 'simultaneously and to the same extent, through the hat body, and consequently to make the perforations of equal size throughout.

No matter how the hat may vary in form at different points, the result as regards the equal penetration of the heated points will be universally the same,

On raising the cross head J, the whole of the pins, which have small projecting wires at the top, will be raised simultaneously.

The section of a hat viewed transversely invariably presents an elliptical or oval figure, hence the employment of the elliptical ratchet wheel, for should an ordinary circular wheel be used it will be evident that the distance of the points from each other around the body of the hat, would vary, but by making the ratchet wheel of the same form, or as nearly as possible of the same form, as that presented by a transverse section of the hat, the distance between the holes will be uniform throughout.

IVe do not desire to confine ourselves to two rows of heated points, as more or less than that number may he used; but

We claim as our invention and desire to secure by Letters Patentl. The system of pointed pins m hung independently of each other to the cross head J, furnished each with a separate spring, and arranged and operated substantially as set forth, in combination with the hat block attached to the face plate F, on the spindle E for the purpose specified.

2. The ratchet wheel G of the same form or thereabouts as that presented by a transverse section of the hat to be perforated, in combination with the face plate F and its hat block; the said wheel being operated by t-he pawl f, and the appliances connected therewith or their equivalents in the manner and for the purpose herein set forth.

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specication in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

WILLIAM F. WARBURTON. IVM. B. AITKEN.

I/Vitnesses HENRY HoWsoN, CHARLES D. FREEMAN. 

